Full Practice Exam

This practice exam covers all major skills measured on the DP-900 certification exam, including:

Core data concepts
Relational data on Azure
Non-relational data on Azure
Analytics workloads
Power BI and visualization
Real-time analytics
Azure data services

Question formats include:

Single-answer multiple choice
Multi-answer multiple choice
Matching/connect-the-answers
Fill-in-the-blank
Scenario-based questions

Section 1 — Core Data Concepts

Question 1 (Single Answer)

Which type of data has a predefined schema consisting of rows and columns?

A. Unstructured data
B. Semi-structured data
C. Structured data
D. Streaming data

✅ Answer: C — Structured data

Explanations

A. Incorrect
Unstructured data does not have a predefined schema.

B. Incorrect
Semi-structured data has some organization but not fixed rows/columns.

C. Correct
Structured data uses a defined schema with rows and columns.

D. Incorrect
Streaming data refers to continuously arriving data, not structure type.

Question 2 (Multi-Answer)

Which of the following are examples of semi-structured data? (Choose TWO)

A. JSON
B. CSV
C. XML
D. SQL tables

✅ Answers: A and C

Explanations

A. Correct
JSON contains tags/structure but flexible schemas.

B. Incorrect
CSV is structured tabular data.

C. Correct
XML is semi-structured because it uses tagged hierarchical data.

D. Incorrect
SQL tables are structured relational data.

Question 3 (Fill in the Blank)

A database design technique used to reduce data redundancy is called __________.

✅ Answer: Normalization

Explanation

Normalization organizes data efficiently and minimizes duplication.

Question 4 (Single Answer)

Which SQL statement retrieves data from a table?

A. INSERT
B. UPDATE
C. SELECT
D. DELETE

✅ Answer: C — SELECT

Explanations

A. Incorrect
INSERT adds records.

B. Incorrect
UPDATE modifies records.

C. Correct
SELECT retrieves data.

D. Incorrect
DELETE removes records.

Question 5 (Matching)

Match the workload to its description.

Workload	Description
1. Transactional	A. Historical analysis
2. Analytical	B. Real-time business operations

✅ Answers

1 → B
2 → A

Explanation

Transactional workloads support day-to-day operations; analytical workloads analyze historical data.

Question 6 (Single Answer)

Which role is MOST responsible for maintaining database availability and backups?

A. Data Analyst
B. Data Engineer
C. Database Administrator
D. Business User

✅ Answer: C — Database Administrator

Explanations

A. Incorrect
Data analysts focus on reporting and insights.

B. Incorrect
Data engineers build pipelines and integration systems.

C. Correct
DBAs manage availability, backups, and performance.

D. Incorrect
Business users consume reports.

Question 7 (Multi-Answer)

Which are characteristics of analytical workloads? (Choose TWO)

A. Frequent INSERT operations
B. Historical trend analysis
C. Large-scale aggregations
D. High-volume OLTP transactions

✅ Answers: B and C

Explanations

A. Incorrect
Frequent inserts are more common in transactional systems.

B. Correct
Analytical systems examine historical data.

C. Correct
Aggregations are common in analytics.

D. Incorrect
OLTP workloads are transactional.

Question 8 (Single Answer)

Which file format is commonly used for big data analytics because of columnar storage and compression?

A. TXT
B. CSV
C. Parquet
D. XML

✅ Answer: C — Parquet

Explanations

A. Incorrect
TXT files are plain text.

B. Incorrect
CSV is row-based text data.

C. Correct
Parquet is optimized for analytics workloads.

D. Incorrect
XML is semi-structured but not optimized for analytics.

Question 9 (Single Answer)

Which database object stores data in rows and columns?

A. View
B. Stored procedure
C. Table
D. Index

✅ Answer: C — Table

Explanations

A. Incorrect
Views are virtual query results.

B. Incorrect
Stored procedures contain SQL logic.

C. Correct
Tables store relational data.

D. Incorrect
Indexes improve query performance.

Question 10 (Single Answer)

Which SQL JOIN returns only matching rows from both tables?

A. LEFT JOIN
B. RIGHT JOIN
C. INNER JOIN
D. FULL OUTER JOIN

✅ Answer: C — INNER JOIN

Explanations

A. Incorrect
LEFT JOIN includes unmatched left-side rows.

B. Incorrect
RIGHT JOIN includes unmatched right-side rows.

C. Correct
INNER JOIN returns only matches.

D. Incorrect
FULL OUTER JOIN includes all rows.

Section 2 — Relational Data on Azure

Question 11 (Single Answer)

Which Azure SQL option provides the MOST compatibility with on-premises SQL Server?

A. Azure SQL Database
B. Azure SQL Managed Instance
C. Azure Cosmos DB
D. Azure Blob Storage

✅ Answer: B — Azure SQL Managed Instance

Explanations

A. Incorrect
Azure SQL Database is fully managed but has fewer instance-level features.

B. Correct
Managed Instance provides near full SQL Server compatibility.

C. Incorrect
Cosmos DB is NoSQL.

D. Incorrect
Blob Storage is object storage.

Question 12 (Multi-Answer)

Which Azure services support open-source relational databases? (Choose TWO)

A. Azure Database for PostgreSQL
B. Azure Database for MySQL
C. Azure Synapse Analytics
D. Azure Files

✅ Answers: A and B

Explanations

A. Correct
Azure provides managed PostgreSQL.

B. Correct
Azure provides managed MySQL.

C. Incorrect
Synapse is analytics-focused.

D. Incorrect
Azure Files is storage.

Question 13 (Single Answer)

Which Azure SQL option gives customers the MOST operating system control?

A. Azure SQL Database
B. Azure SQL Managed Instance
C. SQL Server on Azure Virtual Machines
D. Azure Cosmos DB

✅ Answer: C — SQL Server on Azure Virtual Machines

Explanations

A. Incorrect
Fully managed platform service.

B. Incorrect
Managed service with limited OS access.

C. Correct
VMs provide full infrastructure control.

D. Incorrect
Cosmos DB is NoSQL.

Question 14 (Fill in the Blank)

A column whose values uniquely identify each row in a table is called a __________ key.

✅ Answer: Primary

Explanation

A primary key uniquely identifies rows.

Question 15 (Single Answer)

Which database normalization form removes repeating groups?

A. 1NF
B. 2NF
C. 3NF
D. 4NF

✅ Answer: A — 1NF

Explanations

A. Correct
1NF eliminates repeating groups.

B. Incorrect
2NF removes partial dependencies.

C. Incorrect
3NF removes transitive dependencies.

D. Incorrect
4NF handles multi-valued dependencies.

Section 3 — Non-Relational Data on Azure

Question 16 (Single Answer)

Which Azure storage service is best for storing large unstructured files?

A. Azure SQL Database
B. Azure Blob Storage
C. Azure Table Storage
D. Azure Cosmos DB

✅ Answer: B — Azure Blob Storage

Explanations

A. Incorrect
SQL Database is relational.

B. Correct
Blob Storage stores unstructured objects like images/videos.

C. Incorrect
Table Storage stores NoSQL key-value data.

D. Incorrect
Cosmos DB is a globally distributed database.

Question 17 (Single Answer)

Which Azure storage service provides SMB file shares?

A. Azure Blob Storage
B. Azure Cosmos DB
C. Azure Files
D. Azure Table Storage

✅ Answer: C — Azure Files

Explanations

A. Incorrect
Blob Storage is object storage.

B. Incorrect
Cosmos DB is NoSQL.

C. Correct
Azure Files supports SMB shares.

D. Incorrect
Table Storage stores structured NoSQL entities.

Question 18 (Multi-Answer)

Which are valid Azure Cosmos DB APIs? (Choose TWO)

A. MongoDB API
B. Cassandra API
C. Oracle API
D. SMB API

✅ Answers: A and B

Explanations

A. Correct
Cosmos DB supports MongoDB API.

B. Correct
Cosmos DB supports Cassandra API.

C. Incorrect
Oracle API is not supported.

D. Incorrect
SMB is a file-sharing protocol.

Question 19 (Single Answer)

Which characteristic is a major feature of Azure Cosmos DB?

A. Single-region architecture
B. Global distribution
C. Relational-only schema
D. File-share management

✅ Answer: B — Global distribution

Explanations

A. Incorrect
Cosmos DB supports multiple regions.

B. Correct
Global distribution is a key feature.

C. Incorrect
Cosmos DB is NoSQL.

D. Incorrect
Not a file-sharing service.

Question 20 (Matching)

Match the storage service to its use case.

Service	Use Case
1. Blob Storage	A. SMB file shares
2. Azure Files	B. Unstructured objects

✅ Answers

1 → B
2 → A

Section 4 — Analytics Workloads

Question 21 (Single Answer)

Which process involves collecting data from multiple sources into an analytics system?

A. Visualization
B. Data ingestion
C. Data modeling
D. Backup

✅ Answer: B — Data ingestion

Explanations

A. Incorrect
Visualization displays data.

B. Correct
Ingestion collects and imports data.

C. Incorrect
Modeling defines relationships/calculations.

D. Incorrect
Backup protects data copies.

Question 22 (Single Answer)

Which analytical store is optimized for historical analytics and reporting?

A. OLTP database
B. Data warehouse
C. Azure Files
D. DNS server

✅ Answer: B — Data warehouse

Explanations

A. Incorrect
OLTP supports transactions.

B. Correct
Warehouses support analytics.

C. Incorrect
Files are storage shares.

D. Incorrect
DNS resolves names.

Question 23 (Multi-Answer)

Which Microsoft services support large-scale analytics? (Choose TWO)

A. Azure Databricks
B. Microsoft Fabric
C. Azure DNS
D. Azure Firewall

✅ Answers: A and B

Explanations

A. Correct
Databricks supports big data analytics.

B. Correct
Fabric is an end-to-end analytics platform.

C. Incorrect
DNS is networking.

D. Incorrect
Firewall is security infrastructure.

Question 24 (Single Answer)

What is the primary difference between batch processing and streaming processing?

A. Batch processing handles data continuously
B. Streaming processes data as it arrives
C. Streaming stores only historical data
D. Batch requires IoT devices

✅ Answer: B — Streaming processes data as it arrives

Explanations

A. Incorrect
Continuous processing is streaming.

B. Correct
Streaming handles near real-time data.

C. Incorrect
Streaming is not limited to historical data.

D. Incorrect
Batch does not require IoT.

Question 25 (Single Answer)

Which Azure service is commonly used for streaming event ingestion?

A. Azure Event Hubs
B. Azure Files
C. Azure SQL Database
D. Azure DNS

✅ Answer: A — Azure Event Hubs

Explanations

A. Correct
Event Hubs ingests streaming events.

B. Incorrect
Azure Files is storage.

C. Incorrect
SQL Database is relational.

D. Incorrect
DNS is networking.

Question 26 (Single Answer)

Which service uses SQL-like queries for real-time stream processing?

A. Azure Stream Analytics
B. Azure Firewall
C. Azure DNS
D. Azure Virtual Machines

✅ Answer: A — Azure Stream Analytics

Explanations

A. Correct
Stream Analytics uses SQL-like syntax.

B. Incorrect
Firewall is security.

C. Incorrect
DNS resolves names.

D. Incorrect
VMs are infrastructure.

Question 27 (Fill in the Blank)

The architecture commonly used in analytics models with fact and dimension tables is called a __________ schema.

✅ Answer: Star

Question 28 (Single Answer)

Which Power BI object is a single-page collection of visualizations?

A. Report
B. Dashboard
C. Dataset
D. Workspace

✅ Answer: B — Dashboard

Explanations

A. Incorrect
Reports are usually multi-page.

B. Correct
Dashboards are single-page summaries.

C. Incorrect
Datasets store data models.

D. Incorrect
Workspaces organize content.

Question 29 (Single Answer)

Which Power BI feature is used for data transformation?

A. DAX
B. Power Query
C. Power Automate
D. Azure Functions

✅ Answer: B — Power Query

Explanations

A. Incorrect
DAX creates calculations.

B. Correct
Power Query cleans and transforms data.

C. Incorrect
Power Automate automates workflows.

D. Incorrect
Azure Functions run code.

Question 30 (Single Answer)

Which Power BI language is used for measures and calculations?

A. Python
B. JavaScript
C. DAX
D. XML

✅ Answer: C — DAX

Section 5 — Power BI Visualization

Question 31 (Single Answer)

Which chart type is BEST for showing trends over time?

A. Pie chart
B. Scatter chart
C. Line chart
D. Gauge chart

✅ Answer: C — Line chart

Question 32 (Single Answer)

Which visualization is BEST for showing proportions of a whole?

A. Pie chart
B. Table
C. Scatter chart
D. Card

✅ Answer: A — Pie chart

Question 33 (Single Answer)

Which visualization is BEST for geographic analysis?

A. Matrix
B. Map
C. Gauge
D. Card

✅ Answer: B — Map

Question 34 (Single Answer)

Which visualization is BEST for displaying a single KPI?

A. Scatter chart
B. Card
C. Matrix
D. Pie chart

✅ Answer: B — Card

Question 35 (Single Answer)

Which visualization is BEST for comparing categories?

A. Line chart
B. Map
C. Bar chart
D. Gauge chart

✅ Answer: C — Bar chart

Question 36 (Multi-Answer)

Which visuals support detailed tabular reporting? (Choose TWO)

A. Table
B. Matrix
C. Gauge
D. Pie chart

✅ Answers: A and B

Question 37 (Single Answer)

Which Power BI feature enables interactive filtering?

A. DAX
B. Slicer
C. Gauge
D. Workspace

✅ Answer: B — Slicer

Question 38 (Single Answer)

Which visualization is BEST for identifying relationships between two numeric variables?

A. Pie chart
B. Scatter chart
C. Card
D. Gauge chart

✅ Answer: B — Scatter chart

Question 39 (Fill in the Blank)

A Power BI object containing multiple pages of visualizations is called a __________.

✅ Answer: Report

Question 40 (Single Answer)

Which Power BI component is cloud-based and used for sharing reports?

A. Power BI Desktop
B. Power BI Service
C. Power Query
D. Power Pivot

✅ Answer: B — Power BI Service

Section 6 — Advanced Scenarios

Question 41 (Scenario)

A company needs a globally distributed NoSQL database with low latency worldwide.

Which Azure service should they use?

A. Azure SQL Database
B. Azure Cosmos DB
C. Azure Files
D. Azure Blob Storage

✅ Answer: B — Azure Cosmos DB

Question 42 (Scenario)

A company needs to store millions of images and videos cost-effectively.

Which Azure service is MOST appropriate?

A. Azure SQL Database
B. Azure Blob Storage
C. Azure Files
D. Azure Synapse Analytics

✅ Answer: B — Azure Blob Storage

Question 43 (Scenario)

A company needs fully managed relational databases with automatic patching and backups.

Which service is BEST?

A. SQL Server on Azure VMs
B. Azure SQL Database
C. Azure Files
D. Azure Event Hubs

✅ Answer: B — Azure SQL Database

Question 44 (Scenario)

A retail company wants real-time fraud detection from transaction streams.

Which Azure service is MOST appropriate for processing?

A. Azure Stream Analytics
B. Azure DNS
C. Azure Files
D. Azure Backup

✅ Answer: A — Azure Stream Analytics

Question 45 (Multi-Answer)

Which are characteristics of transactional systems? (Choose TWO)

A. Low-latency transactions
B. Historical trend analysis
C. High concurrency
D. Large aggregations

✅ Answers: A and C

Question 46 (Single Answer)

Which SQL statement modifies existing rows?

A. INSERT
B. UPDATE
C. SELECT
D. CREATE

✅ Answer: B — UPDATE

Question 47 (Single Answer)

Which SQL JOIN returns all rows from the left table and matching rows from the right table?

A. INNER JOIN
B. LEFT JOIN
C. RIGHT JOIN
D. CROSS JOIN

✅ Answer: B — LEFT JOIN

Question 48 (Matching)

Match the visualization to the purpose.

Visualization	Purpose
1. Line chart	A. Show relationships
2. Scatter chart	B. Show trends

✅ Answers

1 → B
2 → A

Question 49 (Single Answer)

Which Azure service supports Apache Spark analytics?

A. Azure Databricks
B. Azure Files
C. Azure DNS
D. Azure Firewall

✅ Answer: A — Azure Databricks

Question 50 (Single Answer)

Which storage type is MOST appropriate for key-value NoSQL storage?

A. Azure Table Storage
B. Azure SQL Database
C. Azure Files
D. Azure Synapse Analytics

✅ Answer: A — Azure Table Storage

Section 7 — Mixed Difficulty Review

Question 51 (Single Answer)

What is the primary purpose of normalization?

A. Increase redundancy
B. Improve graphics rendering
C. Reduce duplicate data
D. Increase storage costs

✅ Answer: C — Reduce duplicate data

Question 52 (Single Answer)

Which data type stores audio and video files?

A. Structured
B. Semi-structured
C. Unstructured
D. Relational

✅ Answer: C — Unstructured

Question 53 (Multi-Answer)

Which are benefits of Power BI dashboards? (Choose TWO)

A. Real-time monitoring
B. Single-page summary
C. Operating system management
D. Virtual machine provisioning

✅ Answers: A and B

Question 54 (Single Answer)

Which service is MOST associated with IoT device ingestion?

A. Azure IoT Hub
B. Azure SQL Database
C. Azure Files
D. Azure Backup

✅ Answer: A — Azure IoT Hub

Question 55 (Single Answer)

Which Azure service provides a unified analytics platform with BI integration?

A. Microsoft Fabric
B. Azure Firewall
C. Azure DNS
D. Azure Backup

✅ Answer: A — Microsoft Fabric

Question 56 (Single Answer)

Which object improves database query performance?

A. Table
B. View
C. Index
D. Trigger

✅ Answer: C — Index

Question 57 (Single Answer)

Which workload typically uses OLTP systems?

A. Analytical
B. Transactional
C. Archival
D. Reporting-only

✅ Answer: B — Transactional

Question 58 (Fill in the Blank)

The SQL statement used to remove rows from a table is __________.

✅ Answer: DELETE

Question 59 (Single Answer)

Which Azure SQL offering is a Platform as a Service (PaaS) solution?

A. SQL Server on Azure Virtual Machines
B. Azure SQL Database
C. Windows Server
D. Hyper-V

✅ Answer: B — Azure SQL Database

Question 60 (Single Answer)

Which Power BI visualization is MOST appropriate for showing progress toward a goal?

A. Scatter chart
B. Gauge chart
C. Table
D. Pie chart

✅ Answer: B — Gauge chart

Final Exam Tips

Focus heavily on:

Relational vs non-relational data
Azure storage services
Azure SQL family
Cosmos DB features
Power BI basics
Analytics workloads
Batch vs streaming concepts

Frequently tested associations:

Blob Storage → unstructured files
Event Hubs → streaming ingestion
Stream Analytics → real-time processing
Cosmos DB → globally distributed NoSQL
Power BI → visualization and reporting
DAX → calculations
Power Query → transformation

Power BI Visualization Tips

Line chart → trends
Bar chart → comparisons
Pie chart → proportions
Scatter chart → relationships
Card → single KPI
Map → geographic data

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